Zdolność sądowa podmiotów ogólnego prawa cywilnego materialnego

Abstract

Judicial capacity consists in the transposing of substantive law subjectivity to proceedings under civil law in a form allowing valid proceedings closing with a judgment, said proceedings involving the participation of a specific entity. A party without capacity for the status of specific subjective rights or legal relationship cannot expect to participate in a valid trial closing with a judgment. Three categories of entities with general legal capacity – private individuals (natural persons), legal persons, and organisational units as stipulated by provisions of Article 64 §11 of the Civil Proceedings Code – have been equipped with judicial capacity, as they can be party to legal relations constituting the subject of action. The participation of such entities in proceedings under civil law – while potentially concerning any case – shall only apply to cases under civil law wherein entities as duly indicated act to protect their legal circumstances associated with events potentially occurring prior to the commencement of judicial proceedings. They should only appear as parties in civil cases involving their activities on their own behalf and to their own benefit.