The Death Penalty, the “Marriage Penalty” and Some Remarks on the Utility of Senecan Research in the Study of Roman Law
2019, 80, No. 1
Publication date
Publishing model
License type
Field
Discipline
Language of publication
Downloads
PDF 340 KB
Number of views:256
Number of downloads:76
Crossref citations:0
Altmetric score:0
Abstract
The problem in the 5th controversia from the work of Lucius Annaeus Seneca the Elder, entitled Oratorum et rhetorum sententiae divisiones colores, is presented as follows: one man seduced two women during the same night. According to the law, which in the literature is referred to as lex raptarum, a woman who was kidnapped may choose between the death penalty for the ravisher or marrying him, but without giving him a dowry. Here, two women were granted the right of option and one of them demanded the death of the man, but the other wanted to marry him. The declaimers were trying to find an answer to the question: which solution is worthier to prevail? Since, in fact, the main problem raised in the controversia is the interpretation of law, it constituted quite a significant intellectual challenge. The declaimers employed very impressive legal reasoning techniques. This controversia constitutes then not only an interesting starting point to conduct the research on the borderline of law and declamation, but also might be a strong argument that the law and rhetoric, at least in some aspects, could have been complementary to each other.
Keywords:
Bibliography
Bauman R. A., The „Leges iudiciorum publicorum” and their Interpretation in the Republic, Principate and Later Empire, “Aufstieg und Niedergang der Römischen Welt” 1980, issue 13.2, pp. 103-233
Berti E., Law in Declamation: The status legales in Senecan Controversiae, (in:) E. Amato, F. Citti, B. Huelsenbeck (eds.), Law and Ethics in Greek and Roman Declamation, Berlin, Munich, Boston 2015, pp. 7-34
Berti E., Le controversiae della raccolta di Seneca il Vecchio e la dottrina degli status, „Rhetorica” 2014, issue 32, pp. 99–147
Berti E., Scholasticorum studia. Seneca il Vecchio e la cultura retorica e letteraria della prima età imperiale, Pisa 2007
Bonfante P., Corso di diritto romano, Vol. 1, Milano 1963
Bonner S. F., Roman declamation in the late Republic and early Empire, Liverpool 1949
Botta F., „Per vim inferre”. Studi su stuprum violento e raptus nel diritto romano e bizantino, Cagliari 2004
Brescia G., Ambiguous silence: stuprum and pudicitia in Latin Declamation, (in:) E. Amato, F. Citti, B. Huelsenbeck (eds.), Law and Ethics in Greek and Roman Declamation, Berlin, Munich, Boston 2015
Brescia G., La donna violata. Casi di stuprum e raptus nella declamazione latina, introduzione di M. Lentano, Lecce 2012, pp. 75-93
Brightbill J. D., Roman Declamation: Between Creativity and Constraints, Chicago 2015, https://knowledge.uchicago.edu/handle/11417/158 (visited November 20, 2018)
Crook J.A, Legal Advocacy in the Roman World, London 1995
Dębiński A., Sacrilegium w prawie rzymskim jako kradzież (furtum) rzeczy świętych (res sacrae), „Roczniki Nauk Prawnych” 1993, issue 3, pp. 87-107
Dębiński A., Sacrilegrium w prawie rzymskim, Lublin 1995
Desserteaux F., Études sur la formation historique de la capitis deminutio. 1. Ancienneté respective des cas et des sources de lacapitis deminutio, Dijon, Damidot, Paris, Champion 1909
Desserteaux F., Études sur la formation historique de la capitis deminutio. 2. Évolution et effets de la capitis deminutio, Paris 1919
Fairweather J., Seneca the Elder, Cambridge 1981, reprint 2007
Goudy H., Capitis Deminutio in Roman Law, “Juridical Review” 1897, issue 9, pp. 132142
Huelsenbeck B., The rhetorical collection of the Elder Seneca: Textual tradition and traditional text, „Harvard Studies in Classical Philology” 2011, issue 106, pp. 229-299
Humbert M., Le tribunat de la plèbe et le tribunal du peuple: remarques sur l’histoire de la provocatio ad populum, „Mélanges de l’École Française de Rome” 1988, issue 100-101, pp. 431–503
Insadowski H., Rzymskie prawo małżeńskie a chrześcijaństwo, Lublin 1935
Kaser M., IIΙ. Mores maiorum und Gewohnheitsrecht, “Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte: Romanistische Abteilung” 1939, issue 59, pp. 52-101
Kaster R. A., Controlling Reason: Declamation in Rhetorical Education at Rome, (in:) y.L. Too (ed.), Education in Greek and Roman Antiquity, Leiden 2001, pp. 317-337
Kubiak P., Kilka uwag na temat znajomości prawa u mówców sądowych republikańskiego Rzymu, „Krakowskie Studia z Historii Państwa i Prawa” 2015, issue 8.1, pp. 1-24
Kuryłowicz M., Ex iniuria ius non oritur. Szkic do dziejów zasady, (in:) T. Ereciński, J. Gudowski, M. Tomalak (red.), Ius est a iustitia appellatum. Księga jubileuszowa dedykowana Profesorowi Tadeuszowi Wiśniewskiemu, Warszawa 2017, pp. 1239–1250
Lanfranchi F., Il diritto nei retori Romani: contributo alla storia dello sviluppo del diritto romano, Milano 1938
Lentano M., “Un nome più grande di qualsiasi legge”: Declamazione latine e patria potestas, „Bollettino de Studi Latini” 2005, issue 35.2, pp. 559-589
Lockyer Ch.W., The Fiction of Memory and the Use of Written Sources: Convention and Practice in Seneca the Elder and Other Authors, Princeton 1971
Lucius Annaeus Seneca Maior, Oratorum et rhetorum sententiae, divisiones, colores, recensuit L. Håkanson, Leipzig 1989
Migliario E., Retorica e storia. Una lettura delle Suasoriae di Seneca Padre, Bari 2007
Nguyen N.L., Roman Rape: An Overview of Roman Rape Laws from the Republican Period to Justinian’s Reign, “Michigan Journal of Gender and Law” 2006, issue 13.1, pp. 75-112
Parks E. P., The Roman Rhetorical Schools as a Preparation for the Courts Under the Early Empire, Baltimore 1945
Pomerleau K., Understanding the Marriage Penalty and Marriage Bonus, “Tax Foundation Fiscal Fact” 2015, issue 464, http://taxfoundation.org/sites/taxfoundation.org/ files/docs/TaxFoundation_FF464_0.pdf, (visited November 20, 2018)
Robinson O.F., The Sources of Roman Law: Problems and methods for ancient historians, London 1997
Rolland É., De l’influence de Sénèque le Père et des Rhéteurs sur Sénèque le Philosophe, Ghent 1906 (reprint 2018)
Schulz F., Principles of Roman Law, M. Wolff (transl.), Oxford 1936
Seneca the Elder, Declamations, Vol. 1, Controversiae, Books 1-6, with an English translation by M. Winterbottom, Cambridge, Massachusetts, London 1974
Stroux J., Summum ius summa iniuria. Ein Kapitel aus der Geschichte der interpretatio iuris, (in:) Festschrift Paul Speiser-Sarasin zum 80. Geburstag, Leipzig, Berlin 1926, pp. 5-46
Sussman L.A., The Declamations of Calpurnius Flaccus: Text, Translation and Commentary, Leiden, New york, Cologne 1994
Sussman L. A., The Elder Seneca, Leiden 1978
Sussman L. A., The Elder Seneca’s discussion of the decline of Roman eloquence, „California Studies in Classical Antiquity” 1972, issue 5, pp. 195-210
Tellegen-Couperus O., Quintilian and Roman Law, „Revue Internationale des Droits de l’Antiquité” 2000, issue 47, pp. 167-177
The Codex of Justinian. A New Annotated Translation, with Parallel Latin and Greek Text. Based on a Translation by Justice Fred H. Blume, B.W. Frier et al. (eds.),Vol. 3, Books VIII–XII, Cambridge 2016
The Digest of Justinian, Vol. 4, translation ed. by Alan Watson, Philadelphia 1998
Wiewiorowski J., Małżeństwo przez porwanie w antyku. Ustawa Konstantyna I (CTh. 9.24.1) w świetle psychologii ewolucyjnej, (in:) Z. Kalinowski, D. Próchniak (eds.), Bitwa przy Moście Mulwijskim. Konsekwencje, Poznań 2014, pp. 295-319
Wiewiorowski J., Porywanie kobiet jako zjawisko społeczne w późnym antyku. Moralność i prawo, (in:) J. Banaszkiewicz J., Ilski K. (eds.), Homo, qui sentit. Ból i przyjemność w średniowiecznej kulturze Wschodu i Zachodu, Poznań 2013, pp. 197-219